Tax risks in Latam resemble the dangers of the Amazon rainforest

International Tax Review is part of Legal Benchmarking Limited, 1-2 Paris Garden, London, SE1 8ND

Copyright © Legal Benchmarking Limited and its affiliated companies 2025

Accessibility | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Modern Slavery Statement

Tax risks in Latam resemble the dangers of the Amazon rainforest

editorial.jpg

Visiting the Amazon rainforest may not necessarily involve an encounter with a dangerous predator such as a jaguar, anaconda, or caiman.

Visiting the Amazon rainforest may not necessarily involve an encounter with a dangerous predator such as a jaguar, anaconda, or caiman. However, the same cannot be said of the region's tax authorities, which are increasingly preying on taxpayers.

While the Amazon shrinks because of deforestation, tax is expanding. Transfer pricing and the taxation of software and the digital economy are key areas where new rules are being introduced.

Elections in a number of countries over the past two years have also resulted in systemic changes and the political direction of taxation.

One notable area is transfer pricing. In Brazil, the country's "crumbling TP framework" is being transformed from a unilateral system to one that aligns with international standards, as President Jair Bolsonaro prepares to make the country an OECD member.

However, that doesn't mean controversy will reduce.

Chile, for example, is ramping up its scrutiny of domestic inter-company TP policies. The legislative developments that are giving more power to the tax authority to probe transactions means that the focus on TP will only continue to increase.

Similarly, in Mexico, problems are emerging from the 2018 TP rules. Taxpayers are torn between legal compliance and the company's global operations.

In Central America, meanwhile, scrutiny of TP practices and document requirements grow.

The problems extend to software and digital taxes too.

Mexico's tough approach to 'standardised software', moving ahead of the OECD's position, leaves a lot of room for uncertainty. In Colombia, meanwhile, there is simmering controversy over the tax authority's approach to withholding tax in relation to software licensing. In Brazil, the problems are multiplied because rules across municipalities, states and the federal authorities are not standardised.

As in the Amazon, where nature is at its rawest, some of the tax laws in the countries it winds through are quite brutal in places too.

If taxpayers fail to prepare for the modernisation of the region's tax rules, the tax authorities will most certainly bite as effectively as any of the Amazon's varied and lethal predators.

We hope you enjoy this year's edition of the Latin America Supplement.

Anjana Haines

Managing editor

International Tax Review

more across site & shared bottom lb ros

More from across our site

The US president also unveiled a new 50% levy on copper imports; in other news, a UK wealth tax proposal has been criticised by the Institute for Fiscal Studies
Wim Wuyts, who had been head of the specialist tax network since 2017, is moving on to a new role with WTS’s Belgian member firm
MNEs are increasingly using algorithmic tools in TP. Sahasranshu Dash argues that data ethics should therefore plug directly into the TP design process
The Institute of Chartered Accountants in England and Wales also queried whether HMRC resources could be better spent scrutinising larger entities
Grant Thornton’s Austria tax head likens his practice to an escape room, shares his football coaching ambitions, and explains why tax is cool
Awards
ITR is delighted to reveal all the shortlisted nominees for the 2025 EMEA Tax Awards
Awards
ITR is delighted to reveal all the shortlisted nominees for the 2025 Asia-Pacific Tax Awards
The fates of pillars one and two hang in the balance after the US successfully threw its weight around in G7 and Canadian negotiations
Rafael Tena tells ITR about the ‘crazy’ Mexican market, ditching the hourly rate, and refusing to grow his fledgling firm in an ‘unstructured way’
It should be easy for advisers to be transparent about costs, Brown Rudnick partner Matthew Sharp said in response to exclusive ITR in-house data
Gift this article