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Croatia and Kosovo have historically shared a good economic and political relationship and are continuing to strengthen the commercial exchanges between the two countries. Croatia sees Kosovo as a good opportunity for export and substantial investment, in areas such as construction and infrastructure, whereas Kosovo perceives Croatia as one of the most important strategic partners for its entrance into NATO and the EU. The economic cooperation between them has recently become even easier after the agreement on the avoidance of double taxation between the two countries (DTA) entered into force at the beginning of 2018.

On November 3 2017, the Cyprus House of Representatives approved a new VAT Law that amended the main VAT Law No. 95 (I)/2000. It was published in the Official Gazette of the Republic of Cyprus on November 13 2017 and came into force on January 2 2018.

The lower tax court of Cologne has ruled on the definition of the 'direct shareholding' requirement under the EU Parent-Subsidiary Directive (PSD) in a decision dated September 13 2017. The case involved the refund of withholding tax in a case where a foreign corporation was a partner in an asset-managing partnership that held shares in a German corporation. The court held that the interposition of an asset-managing partnership between the German dividend-paying corporation and its foreign corporate shareholder did not conflict with the direct shareholding requirement and, therefore, the 0% withholding tax should be applicable.

Employers in Switzerland are required to provide details on employee equity incentive holdings in a statement included with the annual Swiss salary certificate.

On January 10 2018, the Minister of Industry (MOI) enacted Regulation No. 01 of 2018 concerning Criteria and/or Requirements for the Implementation of the Use of Income Tax Facilities for Investment in Certain Lines of Business and/or in Certain Areas of the Industrial Sector (MOI Regulation 01/2018). This regulation is a further implementation of Government Regulation No. 18 of 2015 as amended by No. 9 of 2016 concerning Income Tax Facilities for Investment in Certain Lines of Business and/or Certain Areas of the Industrial Sector. An income tax facility as referred to herein is granted in the form of:

It is widely accepted that the tax treatment applicable to trusts in Spain is undefined. For this reason, it is necessary for the particular facts and circumstances of each trust to be considered in order for an accurate assessment of the Spanish tax implications to be prepared. However, from time to time, the Spanish tax agency (Agency) provides certain insights into the tax treatment applicable to trusts through its formal reply system to taxpayer consultations.

Multinational companies operating in South Africa are grappling with the practical challenges of the BEPS transfer pricing-related filing requirements.

Despite global M&A volume exceeding $3 trillion for the fourth consecutive year, there can be no doubt that uncertainty has affected the transactional market during the past year, and will continue to do so in 2018, but this isn’t to say that all of its effects will be negative.

On December 29 2017, Law 13,586/2017 (dated December 28 2017) was published providing for the conversion of Provisionary Measure 795/2017 (PM 795/2017) into law.

The Chinese State Administration of Taxation (SAT) has introduced two important new circulars to clarify the application of relief under China's double tax agreements (DTAs).