Expert Analysis

Chile’s revamped GAAR marks a shift toward structural scrutiny, pushing MNEs to strengthen tax governance, economic substance and compliance strategies

While the IBS incorporates taxable events previously covered by state and municipal taxes, its governance and operational logic represent a significant departure from the legacy model

MNEs now face a shift from modelling to execution as the side‑by‑side deal forces tax teams to upgrade systems, harmonise data, and prevent costly pillar two mismatches

José Maria Cabral Sacadura and Vicente Pirrone of Cuatrecasas analyse the Sofina line of CJEU case law and assess when Portuguese withholding tax rules entitle foreign loss‑making companies to reimbursement

Olebogeng Ramatlhodi, Africa indirect tax leader, Deloitte Africa

Interview with Marjolijn van der Wal, partner, indirect tax, Deloitte Netherlands

Antonio Ruiz and Alejandra Arguedas of EY Central America, Panama and Dominican Republic explain how tax, geopolitical factors, and trade agreements shape foreign investment in Central America, offering guidance for companies navigating the region

David Hamzah Damian of DDTC Consulting examines recent procedural changes in Indonesia’s tax disputes process and the Supreme Court’s stance on tax evidence, highlighting key implications for taxpayers facing audits, objections, and appeals

Eddie Morris, Josep Serrano Torres, and Jen Breeze of Deloitte compare transfer pricing controversies in the pharmaceutical and automotive sectors, highlighting how DEMPE functions, regulation, and intangibles drive both common themes and sector-specific challenges

Federico Vincenti and Carola Valente of Valente Associati GEB Partners/Crowe Valente suggest what documentation can demonstrate the reasonableness of the costs of an intra-group transaction, and the benefits for a subsidiary

Benjamin P Simatupang, Dwipa Abimanyu Dewantara, and Fajar Ramadhani of GNV Consulting highlight updated regulations and mandatory implementation of the Customs-Excise Information System and Automation 4.0 as Indonesia rings the changes

A multinational enterprise bearing the cost of an employee stock option plan granted to an Indian subsidiary creates several complexities, as explained by S Vasudevan, Harshit Khurana, and Sonali Bansal of Lakshmikumaran & Sridharan