Brazil: Brazil issues new interpretative law on taxes covered under double tax treaties

International Tax Review is part of Legal Benchmarking Limited, 1-2 Paris Garden, London, SE1 8ND

Copyright © Legal Benchmarking Limited and its affiliated companies 2026

Accessibility | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Modern Slavery Statement

Brazil: Brazil issues new interpretative law on taxes covered under double tax treaties

Pereira-Alvaro
Gottberg-Ruben

Álvaro Pereira

Ruben Gottberg

According to the recently enacted Law 13.202/15, the social contribution on net income (CSLL, by its Portuguese acronym) falls under the scope of Brazilian double tax treaties (DTTs).

By way of background, the CSLL was introduced in the Brazilian legislation in 1989 as a contribution to finance social security, calculated upon the net accounting income after adjustments. Although it was formally conceived as a contribution, its calculation basis is quite similar to the one used by the Brazilian corporate income tax (IRPJ, by its Portuguese acronym).

With regard to tax treaty policy, the CSLL has been intermittently and randomly included in the DTTs signed by Brazil, resulting in different interpretations of the taxes covered by the treaties. In this regard, the Brazilian tax authorities and administrative courts have upheld different arguments to limit the application of the DTTs when the CSLL is not expressly mentioned, including: no express inclusion of the CSLL under DTTs signed after 1988; and no reference to 'contributions' in the scope of the DTTs, but rather to 'taxes'.

After a long dispute between taxpayers and tax authorities, the new Law 13.202/15 states that the scope of the DTTs should be interpreted as including CSLL. This change, which will apply retroactively, may have positive impacts mainly on Brazilian companies with outbound investments and activities. Such change is also applicable to treaties signed by Brazil in order to avoid double taxation on profits derived from international air and shipping transport.

Multinationals are encouraged to analyse how the inclusion of CSLL in the scope of DTTs will impact their specific structures.

Álvaro Pereira (alvaro.pereira@br.pwc.com) and Ruben Gottberg (ruben.gottberg@br.pwc.com)

PwC

Website: www.pwc.com.br

more across site & shared bottom lb ros

More from across our site

While rarely the sole driver of a combination, tax is becoming an increasingly important part of firms' efforts to keep up with client expectations
New research, which suggests LLMs can silently corrupt complex documents, should alert tax and legal teams relying on AI to handle iterative drafting and compliance workflows
Maintaining increased funding for HMRC is a ‘high possibility’ if he becomes PM, ITR has also heard
Awards
ITR is delighted to reveal all the shortlisted nominees for the 2026 Europe Tax Awards
The firm has hired a team of private client lawyers from Withers to launch in New York and Connecticut, though ITR analysis suggests it faces stiff competition
The ability of tax authorities to receive and analyse data is becoming ‘quite advanced’, warns Stuart Lang, head of EY’s compliance co-sourcing solution
The Court of Appeal ruling clarifies that treaty benefits are not abusive where transactions are commercially driven, providing greater certainty on “main purpose” anti-avoidance tests
Despite the Netherlands featuring an unusual concentration of World Tax-ranked technology-led providers, sources believe there’s a long way to go to challenge the established players
Ethics seems to be playing a subservient role to an entitlement culture borne out of a pervasive ‘revenue at all costs’ mentality at the big four
Historical World Tax data suggests the ‘largest law firm merger in history’ may not pose a serious threat to the world's leading tax practices
Gift this article