Brazil: Withholding tax obligation on the substitution of shares; New rules on documentation for Brazilian non-resident capital gains taxation

International Tax Review is part of Legal Benchmarking Limited, 1-2 Paris Garden, London, SE1 8ND

Copyright © Legal Benchmarking Limited and its affiliated companies 2025

Accessibility | Terms of Use | Privacy Policy | Modern Slavery Statement

Brazil: Withholding tax obligation on the substitution of shares; New rules on documentation for Brazilian non-resident capital gains taxation

giacobbo.jpg
gottberg.jpg

Fernando Giacobbo

Ruben Gottberg

Withholding tax obligation on the substitution of shares

Brazilian Federal Revenue (RFB, by its Portuguese acronym) issued Normative Instruction (NI) 1.664, establishing the responsible party for withholding income taxes on non-resident capital gains arising from the substitution of shares (incorporação de ações).

Under Brazilian legislation, a substitution of shares is a transaction where the whole share capital of a Brazilian entity is transferred into the equity of another Brazilian entity. As a result of this, the latter becomes the shareholder of the former (new shareholder).

According to NI 1.664, when it comes to the substitution of shares, the new shareholder is responsible for withholding income taxes on capital gains realised by non-residents upon the alienation of the transferring entity's shares.

Throughout the years, there has been a debate about whether the alienation of a transferring entity's shares is actually made by the shareholders. In some cases, administrative decisions have confirmed that the alienation has been made by the shareholders, whereas, in other instances, the decisions concluded that the alienation has been made by the transferring entity itself. NI 1.664, confirms ruling 224, issued by the tax authorities (Solução de Consulta COSIT 224), where the alienation is regarded as made by the shareholders.

Although NI 1.664 does not hold a legal status, it is important to note that tax inspectors are bound by this instrument when performing audits.

Multinationals are encouraged to analyse how these changes may affect their intended reorganisations.

New rules on documentation for Brazilian non-resident capital gains taxation

The RFB recently issued NI 1.662, modifying the options available to support the cost basis for calculating non-resident capital gains taxation.

Before NI 1.622 was issued, NI 1.455 provided two options to determine the cost basis for calculating non-resident capital gains taxation in situations where there was no suitable and proper documentation:

1) Based on the amount of foreign capital registered with the Brazilian Central Bank (BACEN); or

2) The cost basis equal to zero.

As of October 3 2016, NI 1.662 eliminates the option to determine the cost basis based on the amount of foreign capital registered with the BACEN where there is no suitable and proper documentation. This change has given rise to concerns as to whether the BACEN's electronic module of foreign direct investment, together with additional documentation, may be regarded as suitable and proper documentation when it comes to support the cost basis for calculating non-resident capital gains taxation.

Multinationals are encouraged to analyse how to address this change.

Fernando Giacobbo (fernando.giacobbo@br.pwc.com) and Ruben Gottberg (ruben.gottberg@br.pwc.com)

PwC

Website: www.pwc.com.br

more across site & shared bottom lb ros

More from across our site

It should be easy for advisers to be transparent about costs, Brown Rudnick partner Matthew Sharp said in response to exclusive ITR in-house data
The sprawling legislation phases out Joe Biden-era green tax incentives for businesses; in other news, the UK will reportedly maintain its DST despite US pressure
New French legislation should create a more consistent legal environment for taxing gains from management packages, say Bruno Knadjian and Sylvain Piémont of Herbert Smith Freehills Kramer
The South Africa vs SC ruling may embolden the tax authority to take a more aggressive approach to TP assessments, an adviser tells ITR
Indirect tax professionals now rate compliance as a bigger obstacle than technology and automation; in other news, Italy approved a VAT cut on art sales
AI-powered tax agents are likely to be the next big development in tax technology, says Russell Gammon of Tax Systems
FTI Consulting’s EMEA head of employment tax and reward tells ITR about celebrating diversity in the profession, his love of musicals, and what makes tax cool
Canadian Prime Minister Mark Carney and US President Donald Trump have agreed that the countries will look to conclude a deal by July 21, 2025
The firm’s lack of transparency regarding its tax leaks scandal should see the ban extended beyond June 30, senators Deborah O’Neill and Barbara Pocock tell ITR
Despite posing significant administrative hurdles, digital services taxes remain ‘the best way forward’ for emerging economies, says Neil Kelley, COO of Ascoria
Gift this article